Sumber sirah nabawiyah biography

Al-Sirah al-Nabawiyyah (Ibn Ishaq)

Biography of Muhammad by Ibn Hisham

Arabic cover

AuthorIbn Hisham (Al-Bakka'i' / Ibn Ishaq)
Original&#;titleالسيرة النبوية
LanguageArabic
SubjectProphetic biography
GenreClassic
Publication placeMedina
Media&#;typeHardcover
ISBN Dar Al-Kotob al-Ilmiyah Arabic version

Sirat Rasul Allah (The Life of God's Messenger) is a biography of the Islamic prophet Muhammad.

Ibn Hisham published a further revised version of the book, under the same title Al-Sirah al-Nabawiyyah.

Original version, survival

Ibn Isḥaq collected oral traditions about the life of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. These traditions, which he orally dictated to his pupils,[1] are now known collectively as Sīrat Rasūl Allāh (Arabic: سيرة رسول الله "Life of the Messenger of God").

His work is entirely lost and survives only in the following sources:

  • Two edited copies, or recensions, of his work by Ibn Hisham based on the work of al-Bakka'i survive. Al-Bakka'i's work has perished and only ibn Hisham's has survived, in copies. Two such copies exist, the latter of the two is more heavily edited.

    Sirah nabi Da'wah Najdiyah. New Delhi : Northern Book Center, Ibn Mandah H. Sources [ edit ].

    Ibn Hisham edited out of his work "things which it is disgraceful to discuss; matters which would distress certain people; and such reports as al-Bakka'i told me he could not accept as trustworthy."

  • An edited copy, or recension, prepared by his student Salamah ibn Fadl al-Ansari survives only in the copious extracts to be found in the voluminous History of the Prophets and Kings by Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari.[4][a]
  • Fragments of several other recensions.

    Guillaume lists them on p.&#;xxx of his preface, but regards most of them as so fragmentary as to be of little worth.

According to Donner, the material in ibn Hisham and al-Tabari is "virtually the same". However, there is some material to be found in al-Tabari that was not preserved by ibn Hisham. For example, al-Tabari includes the controversial episode of the Satanic Verses, while ibn Hisham does not.[1]

Following the publication of previously unknown fragments of ibn Isḥaq's traditions, recent scholarship suggests that ibn Isḥaq did not commit to writing any of the traditions now extant, but they were narrated orally to his transmitters.

These new texts, found in accounts by Salama al-Ḥarranī and Yūnus ibn Bukayr, were hitherto unknown and contain versions different from those found in other works.[7]

Al-Sirah al-Nabawiyyah (Ibn Hisham)

Main article: Al-Sirah al-Nabawiyyah (Ibn Hisham)

The original text of the Sīrat Rasūl Allāh by Ibn Ishaq did not survive.

Yet it was one of the earliest substantial biographies of Muhammad.

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    • However, much of the original text was copied over into a work of his own by Ibn Hisham (Basra; Fustat, died AD, AH).[b]

    Ibn Hisham also "abbreviated, annotated, and sometimes altered" the text of Ibn Ishaq, according to Guillaume (), p.&#;xvii. Interpolations made by Ibn Hisham are said to be recognizable and can be deleted, leaving as a remainder, a so-called "edited" version of Ibn Ishaq's original text (otherwise lost).

    In addition, Guillaume (), p.&#;xxxi points out that Ibn Hisham's version omits various narratives in the text which were given by al-Tabari in his History.[c][8] In these passages al-Tabari expressly cites Ibn Ishaq as a source.[9][d]

    Thus can be reconstructed an 'improved' "edited" text, i.e., by distinguishing or removing Ibn Hisham's additions, and by adding from al-Tabari passages attributed to Ibn Ishaq.

    Yet the result's degree of approximation to Ibn Ishaq's original text can only be conjectured.

    Sumber sirah nabawiyah biography Ibn Abi Asim H. Curricula and textbooks. Hajj wal-'Umrah. Abdul-Qasim Abdur-Rahman as-Suhayli d.

    Such a reconstruction is available, e.g., in Guillaume's translation.[e] Here, Ibn Ishaq's introductory chapters describe pre-Islamic Arabia, before he then commences with the narratives surrounding the life of Muhammad (in Guillaume (), pp.&#;–).

    Translations

    In the Heidelberg professor Gustav Weil published an annotated German translation in two volumes.

    Several decades later the Hungarian scholar Edward Rehatsek prepared an English translation, but it was not published until over a half-century later.[12]

    The best-known translation in a Western language is Alfred Guillaume's English translation, but some have questioned the reliability of this translation.[13][14] In it Guillaume combined ibn Hisham and those materials in al-Tabari cited as ibn Isḥaq's whenever they differed or added to ibn Hisham, believing that in so doing he was restoring a lost work.

    The extracts from al-Tabari are clearly marked, although sometimes it is difficult to distinguish them from the main text (only a capital "T" is used).

    See also

    Notes

    1. ^Discussed here are Ibn Ishaq and his Sirah, the various recensions of it, Guillaume's translation, and Ibn Hisham.
    2. ^Dates and places, and discussions, re Ibn Ishaq and Ibn Hisham in Guillaume (), pp.&#;xiii & xli.
    3. ^Al-Tabari (–) wrote his History in Arabic: Ta'rikh al-rusul wa'l-muluk (Eng: History of Prophets and Kings).

      A volume translation was published by State University of New York (SUNY) as The History of al-Tabari; volumes six to nine concern the life of Muhammad.

    4. ^See Original versions, survival above, esp.

    5. Sumber sirah nabawiyah biography dan
    6. Sirah nabi muhammad
    7. Sumber sirah nabawiyah biography dalam

      8. re Salamah ibn Fadl al-Ansari. Cf, Guillaume (), p.&#;xvii.

    8. ^Ibn Hisham's 'narrative' additions and his comments are removed from the text and isolated in a separate section, while Ibn Hisham's philological additions are evidently omitted.

    References

    1. ^ abRaven, Wim, Sīra and the Qurʾān – Ibn Isḥāq and his editors, Encyclopaedia of the Qur'an.

      Ed. Jane Dammen McAuliffe. Vol. 5. Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill Academic Publishers, pp

    2. ^W.

      Sumber sirah nabawiyah biography dan: Thematic and Misc. Categories : Biographies of Muhammad Sunni literature 8th-century Arabic-language books. The Sealed Nectar, a superb biography of the Prophet Sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, affordable but still detailed. Abdallah al-Fawzan.

      Montgomery Watt; M. V. McDonald. "Translator's Forward". In The History of al-Tabari, Volume VI (), pp.&#;xi–xiv. Regarding al-Tabari's narratives of Muhammad, the translators state, "The earliest and most important of these sources was Ibn Ishaq, whose book on the Prophet is usually known as the Sirah".

    3. ^Raven, W.

      ().

      Sumber sirah nabawiyah biography pdf After this, Abu Dharr al-Khushayni d. University of South Carolina Press. Two versions of the biography exist today. Untuk bab yang belum tertaut, insya Allah akan di-update setelah ada tautan berisi artikel pembahasannya.

      "SĪRA". Encyclopaedia of Islam. Vol.&#;9 (2nd&#;ed.). Brill Academic Publishers. pp.&#;– ISBN&#;.

    4. ^Omitted by Ibn Hisham and found in al-Tabari are, e.g., at (The History of al-Tabari, Volume VI (), pp.&#;–), and at (The History of al-Tabari, Volume VII (), pp.&#;69–73).
    5. ^E.g., al-Tabari, at (The History of al-Tabari, Volume VI (), p.&#;56).
    6. ^See bibliography.[full citation needed]
    7. ^Humphreys, R.

      Stephen ().

      Sumber sirah nabawiyah biography wikipedia Muhammad Khalil Harras H. Wikidata item. A summarised and simplified biography of the Messenger of Allah, sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, based on extensive research and authentic sources only. Ali al-'Imran.

      Islamic History: A Framework for Inquiry (Revised&#;ed.). Princeton University Press. p.&#; ISBN&#;.

    8. ^Tibawi, Abdul Latif (). Ibn Isḥāq's Sīra, a critique of Guillaume's English translation: the life of Muhammad. Oxford University Press.

    Sources